Precision mould are called precision mould because the processing method is completely different from ordinary mould, and the processing accuracy is also high. The materials used are also very good, so the life cycle is unmatched by ordinary mould. The production method of ordinary mould is generally processed in place at one time, while for precision mould, rough machining is performed first, and finishing is performed after heat treatment. The processing is more troublesome, but the service cycle is several times that of traditional mould. The life cycle of ordinary mould is generally between 300,000 and 500,000 moldings, while the life cycle of precision mould processed by heat treatment is generally more than 1.5 million to 1.8 million moldings.
The content of mould accuracy includes four aspects: dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy, and surface accuracy. Since the mould is divided into two parts, the upper mould and the lower mould, the mutual position accuracy between the upper mould and the lower mould is the most important among the four types of accuracy.
The accuracy of the mould serves the accuracy of the product. High-precision products must be guaranteed by a higher-precision mould. The accuracy of the mould must generally be higher than the accuracy of the part by 2 or more grade.
The multi-station mould with an accuracy of 2 microns and a life span of more than 300 million strokes we produced, being used on a high-speed punching machine with 2000 times per minute, and the accuracy can reach one micron.
Precision molds have four major characteristics: wear resistance, toughness, fatigue fracture performance, and high temperature performance. Here are four characteristics of precision mould.
Four characteristics of precision mould:
1. Wear resistance
When the blank is plastically deformed in the mold cavity, it flows and slides along the surface of the cavity, which causes intense friction between the cavity surface and the blank, resulting in the failure of the mold due to wear. Therefore, the wear resistance of the material is one of the most basic and important properties of the mold.
Hardness is the main factor affecting wear resistance. In general, the higher the hardness of the mold parts, the smaller the amount of wear and the better the wear resistance. In addition, wear resistance is also related to the type, number, form, size and distribution of carbides in the material.
2. Strength and toughness
Most of the working conditions of the mold are very bad, and some often bear large impact loads, which leads to brittle fracture. In order to prevent the mold parts from suddenly breaking during work, precision metal molds should have high strength and toughness.
The toughness of the mold mainly depends on the carbon content, grain size and structure of the material-precision mold manufacturing.
3. Fatigue fracture performance
In the process of mold work, under the long-term effect of cyclic stress, it often leads to fatigue fracture. Its forms include low energy multiple impact fatigue fracture, tensile fatigue fracture contact fatigue fracture and bending fatigue fracture.
The fatigue fracture performance of the mold mainly depends on its strength, toughness, hardness, and the content of inclusions in the material.
4. High temperature performance
When the working temperature of the mold is higher, the hardness and strength will be reduced, resulting in early wear or plastic deformation of the mold and failure. Therefore, the precision metal mold material should have high stability against tempering to ensure that the mold has high hardness and strength at the working temperature.
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